La paratraduction en France des romans graphiques espagnols de type historique : L’Art de voler d’Altarriba et Kim versus La Nueve de Roca
Marian Panchón Hidalgo
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Title
The paratranslation in France of Spanish graphic novels of historical type: Altarriba’s and Kim’s L’Art de voler versus Roca’s La Nueve
Abstract
This article analyses the paratranslation – titles, covers, prefaces, epilogues, editor’s and translator’s notes – in France of L’Art de voler and La Nueve, two Spanish graphic novels of historical type, to compare the strategies used by the editors and the translators when they use these fundamental elements in this kind of books. This analysis shows that the use of the paratranslation can differ from one graphic novel to another according to the publishing house, the editor’s target public or even the success of the book. After this study, we can therefore conclude that paratranslations – a term coined by Yuste Frías – not only introduce and contextualize the translated graphic novel, but above all become valuable commercial instruments for publishing houses. In the case of L’Art de voler and La Nueve, the translation notes make the reading easier; the titles, covers, prefaces and epilogues attract foreign – and rather left-wing – readers interested in historical Spanish graphic novels. The paratranslations are essential in order to facilitate the entry of these works into the French literary canon.
Keywords
Paratranslation, canon, reception, L’Art de voler, La Nueve